Assignment

Step one

Depending on the type of production that you are planning the steps that you have to take are different for example in a film there would be many pieces needed to plan before your work could be deemed suitable for viewing. First things first with the preproduction of a short film there would need to be the writing of a script to draw out exactly what was going to happen in the film and allow to progress to next steps. A perfect site to start the scriptwriting on would be adobe story with it being a very simple and effective place to start writing the script. After a solid script has been wrote then there would need to be storyboards produced for every scene so for future reference the actors will be aware of their lines and what they need to do during the scenes like actions and where to be placed when the scene commences. As seen in this screenshot below this is how a storyboard is set out showing in great detail the positioning of the actors and the location which is highly important to include so that the actors have a good idea of the setting of the scene.

Step two

Time management is absolutely essential when on set and many measures must be taken before the filming is actually done to ensure that everything runs smoothly. The effects of a bad time management set could be financially crippling to a movie. In many cases filming equipment would be rented out and with it being at a very high cost per day to rent poor time management could severely hinder the set in completing all the work expected before the rental expired. The whole operation of a film has to be intensely planned from the director and actor having to be there on time all the way down to the runner who is volunteering and usually paid nothing. If any of the people are late it could really effect the production of the film this is why many time.

Step three

When making a film there are a whole host of resources needed in order to make sure that the screening goes ahead smoothly. For example one of the first resources that would have to be thought about would be actors and locations. The correct actors would have to be sourced for the role to ensure that they are the right people for the role and can really engage into the character. There are many sites on the Internet that contain actors portfolios of previous work etc etc that could be very useful to a team looking to produce a film with not to big a budget. Sites like www.starnow.co.uk are a casting site that allow directors to post ads asking for actors to send portfolios this would be incredibly  helpful in narrowing down the search for the perfect actor for your film. Location is absolutely  integral because if the film is set on a certain location then there would  have to be research put in to ensure that the film would have the rights to film in this area. When filming in a location a document such as A risk assessment would have to be carried out to ensure the safety of the cast. Other things of High importance would be arranging camera and sounding equipment to be either purchases or rented for a certain time period. A member of the cast would have to break down how many hours they would need the cast and the equipment on set so it'd be possible to understand the pricing. Many sites such as www.hirecamera.com will offer prices on renting their equipment for a certain amount of days so if it's a small film production  they won't have to buy the equipment outright which would eat into their budget when it'd be easier to  hire from rental companies. Finally another resource that would be integral to work out the need for would be props it would be be possible for an inventory to be developed to show exactly what props were needed for the film and the quantity that would be needed.

Step Four

Budget is of the utmost importance within the film industry because even the slightest of errors in planning can cause massive losses .A cast member turning up late could hinder the rental of the camera and sound equipment with them only being rented for a certain amount of days any setback could hold the team back and mean another day of rental would have to be payed to complete the work required. A document that could be very beneficial to the team when working out the budgeting would be to go on Microsoft Excel and create a spreadsheet calculating all the cost of the entire production so it gives a figure of how much the film will cost so the team are aware of time constraints etc. Things that would need to be included in the budget would be the rental of all the equipment cost of all cast member and even the food and drink gave to the cast on set. Every single small payment would have to be added into a spreadsheet so that the director was aware of the cost of the production down to the penny.

Step five

Good communication is of High integrity  when working in the film industry and it's very important to make sure that every cast member is aware of their role whilst on set. For example the actors would need very in depth information of positioning and how to deliver the line a perfect document for this would be a storyboard. The use of storyboard is massively important in the film industry because it really cuts the scene down and provides a large amount of in depth information on this precise scene. The positioning is really important because it will provide the best shot so with the storyboard the actor would be able to arrange themselves into the position easier because it's made very simple. As for the member of the team that are part of the production side that carry out their work out off camera it  would be very helpful to give each member their own task sheet identifying at the start of each day what they expect them to complete by the end of the shoot each day. With poor communication  it'd be very difficult to make a film that would be really successful without great communication so it really is paramount that every team member from the runner to the actor is briefed thoroughly.

Step six

Within the legal sector there are endless amounts of laws that need to be abided by when making a piece of work in the film industry. Firstly when filming on a location that is private property it would be vital that the director firstly cleared it with the owner that it was acceptable to film on the premises otherwise It could be a felony. So before stepping on set it'd be important to get the permissions  wrote down in black and white to ensure that the team couldn't encounter legal troubles. Once on scene if filming with child actors it'd be important that all members of the entire production were thoroughly  CRB checked to ensure the safety of those on the set and to avoid lawsuits if it turned out somebody with a previous record was working with children on set . Copyright is something that you have to be very careful around because if a certain company owns the rights to something and you go ahead and use it anyway then  this could  result in a breach

This is an animation that we made it is very simple to make we firstly made an animated figure that would be suitable for our video then we opened up stop animation and connected our hue hd webcam to it and then got our animated figure into starting position and began to take images ever so slightly moving the figure in every frame so that it would look as if the figure was moving when in fact it was a lot of still images that tricks the brain



Nick Park
he was original creator of the very popular animated TV series wallace and gromit

Early animations influential figures

George Mellies was a French illusionist and one of the most well known film directors with him being one of the most successful  of his time. During his years he was very technical and made many fantastic films in the early days of cinema such as A trip to the moon and the vanishing lady. Many of his films were destroyed  by the French army due to the plastic tape which held his movies on was seized by  the army and melted down for help with the war effort meaning many of his movies we never to make it to public viewing.

Windsor McCay was an American cartoonist  and animator famous for his work during the 19th and 20th century. One  of many factors in his rise to fame began with the discovery of the mutoscope which was a device that relied on the persistence  of vision giving off the effect that there was people moving in the films whereas in fact it was actually a series of still images flicking on a wheel .

Lotte Reiniger was a German film director who was active between the years of 1918 to 1979. Lotte had made over 40 films across her career all using her own invention of crafting out snippets of card and wire and animated them by hand. When the name Lotte reiniger is spoken she Is mostly remembered for her whirlwind fantasy film known as the adventures of Prince Achmed which was produced in 1926.

Reasons producers should research

Reasons Producers should research

Reasons Producers should research

This blog post is to highlight the reasons to research as a producer in the film industry.

Target Market (Market Research/Audience Research)

The reason producers should research 'Target Markets' is simply because they need to be aware of the fan base of this certain genre of film, this is put simply to find which age group the film would sell to the best; better target market=better box office sales.

Historical and Factual information and data

(Audience Research/Production Research)

Producers must know exactly what they are basing their own film on. For example, if a producer wanted to create a film set in World War 2, the setting must accurately reflect the era they had chosen, for example they could not send the soldiers into battle with modern day technology and weaponry. 

Demand (Audience Research/Production Research)

For a film to create a high rating in the box office, it must sell a large amount of tickets. in order to achieve this they must find the demand for that genre of film, in today market, there has been an influx of super hero films, these films are the most effective because of there simple and arguably bland story line but they sell very high in cinemas because of the high demand from a younger target market who have the largest demand for that genre of film.

Budget and Costs(Production Research)

a Producer and a director must know that they have limited funding. they cannot spend more than there budget given, so sometimes you have to improvise as a producer. To keep on track of your budget you must know how much props, crew members and also settings and flights cost, if you make less than you spend in a film, this film is deemed a failure.

Early Animation

zoetrope was invented in 1834 by a man named William George Horner it was a very early form of motion picture projector containing a drum with a set of still images put into a circular motion in order to create an illusion of motion. Zoetrope is still used in modern day with it been seen to help create animated GIFs. Zoetrope tricks the brain into believing that what it is showing is actually in motion as a pose to it being still images.

this is an example of an early motion picture device which is known as kenetiscope it was invented by Thomas Edison. The film reel is passed through a lens and an electric light bulb at a fast pace whilst the person viewing could look through the peephole to view it. The first ever Kenetiscope to be copyrighted by the U.S was Fred Ott's Sneeze and lasted 5 seconds 

Mutoscope was an early motion picture device that was discovered by Winsor Mccay and was later patented by Herman Casler on 21st November 1894. Similar to the kenetiscope this is only sanctioned to one viewer at a time due to it not being projected onto a screen. rather than being put into a booklet the cards were attached to a reel  that usually held around 850 cards which flicked through and produced around a minute worth of content.Phenakistoscope was an early animation  device developed by Joseph plateau and Simon Stampfer in December 1832 that used the persistence  of vision to create an illusion of their being motion. Phenakistoscope  used a spinning disc attached vertically to a handle.  

Persistence of vision

What is the persistence of vision 
Persistence of vision is were your brain is tricked into believing that the images that you are looking at are moving when in fact they are still images and its tricking your mind. it is like an optical illusion

my first attempt at stop motion animation

this short video is my first attempt at trying stop motion animation . my team partner was Sara we took over 120 photos in different positions which tok us around 10 minutes to produce and gave us 10 seconds of useable footage. the location of the filming was in Middlesbrough college.